john hawks weblog

paleoanthropology, genetics and evolution

Essay on the island rule

Fri, 2008-11-07 23:47 -- John Hawks

The web site for the Hobbit episode of Nova has opened. It let's you e-mail questions for Mike Morwood, features some graphics with endocast scans and some video from the program.

The site also includes an essay by Peter Tyson on the history of the island rule, which is a nice article, even if you know a lot about island biogeography. Here's a quote from the conclusion

Despite all the work in the three and a half decades since Foster first took an intellectual machete to the tangle of questions surrounding the gigantism/dwarfism question, much awaits illumination. As biologists James Brown and Mark Lomolino conclude in their classic textbook Biogeography, "the generality of the island rule and its corollaries ... remain promising areas for future studies."

New studies might also help clear up certain evolutionary conundrums. No one knows, for instance, whether the Seychelles giant tortoise became humungous before or after it arrived in the archipelago. No one knows why island-dwelling bears show only a slight degree of dwarfism despite their bearish build and carnivorous habits. And no one knows why ducks tend toward dwarfism. Many birds in evolutionary history have become gigantic (and flightless)—the great auk, the ostrich, the elephant birds of Madagascar. Why has evolution never produced a giant flightless duck? "A question," muses [David] Quammen, "to lie awake over."

It would be a good essay for distribution to classes -- a nice piece of work.

UPDATE (2008-11-8): A reader reminds me of the Demon Duck of Doom. D'oh -- I should have remembered that one. He says, no sense lying awake at night over that one.

Neandertals

For years, I've worked on their bones. Now I'm working on their genes. Read more about the science studying these ancient people.

Denisova

From a finger bone of an ancient human came the record of a completely unexpected population. My lab is working on the science of the Denisova genome.

Acceleration

The advent of agriculture caused natural selection to speed up greatly in humans. We're uncovering some of the ways that populations have rapidly changed during the last 10,000 years.

Malapa

Just outside Johannesburg, the Malapa site is producing some of the most exciting finds in human evolution. This site is the headquarters of the Malapa Soft Tissue Project.