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paleoanthropology, genetics and evolution

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  • Ardipithecus bloggingheads

    Sat, 2009-10-17 10:59 -- John Hawks

    Today, Science Saturday on bloggingheads.tv is a conversation between Razib Khan and me. We had a fun conversation about Ardipithecus and the recent study of the population genetics of India.

    Here's a non-embedded link to the bloggingheads site

    Razib pointed out the similarity of eyeglasses in our last diavlog.

    Obviously, we've taken the pills that make us smarter:

    Scientific American cover with glasses

    I think we did pretty well staying on topic in this one, and getting into some paleoanthropology deeper than your average radio interview.

    If you're finding my blog from the bloggingheads site, please look around! My Ardipithecus topic link. That goes way back, long before the current discoveries, and there are some interesting posts in there, from today's perspective.

    I especially like the two posts about bushes, ladders, and whether Ardipithecus is our direct ancestor or not: "Spacecraft all over the Pliocene", and "A ladder not a bush?"

    Oh, and I almost forgot this 2006 post linking to Tim White's kvetching over the Orrorin femur: "Orrorin opera." If you want a background picture of the competitiveness of research in early hominin field paleontology, that's a case worth examining -- or for a broader view, Ann Gibbons' book, "The First Human," has many stories as well.

  • Who's your favorite hominin?

    Mon, 2009-09-28 17:07 -- John Hawks

    Yes, I know, hominin is driving me crazy, too. It's a taxonomic diktat of breathtaking doofery, but I think we're stuck with it. So I've been writing it to get myself broken of the hominid habit.

    Well, I was playing with Google Trends today, and thought I'd compare some hominins to see how they score on search volume. I started out with the three basics -- Australopithecus, erectus and Neanderthal. Here are those three search terms, over the last six years:

    Google Trends output comparing search volumes for Neanderthal, Australopithecus, erectus

    The lettered flags represent a sample of news stories that influenced search volume for these terms. I won't go into them; the Neandertal-related ones are pretty much all genome announcements, particularly in late 2006 and late 2008. The big spike in news volume for "erectus" in mid-2007 is the KNM-ER 42700 paper. It seems remarkable that it generated so much more news than any other story; either it was just the right timing, or the Leakey publicity machine.

    Anyway, the five word version of that graph is: Neanderthals rock but erectus rules! Of course, it is the most porn-sounding of all the hominins.

    The ebb and flow of Australopithecus is very characteristic of the academic paper-writing cycle: low in the summer and at Christmas break, peaking in March and October. The other two terms have that same cycle, but superimposed on them is the impact of news stories. For some reason, people continue to care about Neandertals in the summertime, while September-October are always big for Neandertals. Could it be Halloween?

    Other hominin search terms don't come close to these. Here's a chart showing the search volume over the last 12 months, with Ardipithecus, floresiensis and heidelbergensis, compared to "Neanderthal" for scale. The hobbits got a bump earlier this year, and the big peak labeled "A" is the Neandertal genome on February 12.

    Google Trends output comparing search volumes for Neanderthal, Ardipithecus, Sahelanthropus, floresiensis

    The lower three have around a tenth the search volume. They're low enough that the longer-term view is dominated by a few big spikes and most of the fluctuations are noise. The exception is "floresiensis" which has a colossal peak in 2004 with its discovery. Interestingly, all the press it has gotten since then barely registers compared to that initial burst. Continuing press coverage doesn't seem to generate sustained interest.

    How do these compare to other topics? Well, here's an interesting comparison -- interesting to me, at least:

    Google Trends output comparing search volumes for John Hawks, Ardipithecus, floresiensis

    Yes, that's my name there with double the search volume of "floresiensis". I'm not the only John Hawks in the world, but I figure this isn't a great sign for interest in fossil hominins.

  • Spam

    Sun, 2009-09-13 23:15 -- John Hawks

    I accidently left comments open on a couple of these posts, and it's unbelievable how many Viagra ads got through in a few days. My apologies to those who left sincere comments; I had to wipe everything before they got out of control!

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  • My mailbag

    Sun, 2009-09-13 11:30 -- John Hawks

    Did you know I have a mailbag? I post letters from time to time, off the front page. I put a link over on the sidebar there, beneath the FAQ.

  • Out of town

    Wed, 2009-08-19 13:22 -- John Hawks

    I'm out of town this week, which means that (a) the Boneyard is delayed, and (b) there are actually some interesting arising topics that I haven't been able to write about. If you've e-mailed and haven't gotten a reply, sorry! Meanwhile, I have a couple of new posts and several auto-scheduled ones filling the gaps.

    If you're about to start classes and looking for stuff that might be useful for your students (or if you're a student yourself), let me recommend:

    Natural Selection 101: The Miracle of Compound Interest

    When did paleoanthropology get its name?

    The Neandertal genome FAQ, February 2009 edition

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  • Science Pub

    Mon, 2009-07-27 10:27 -- John Hawks

    Yesterday I had the distinct pleasure to be the entertainment at the first Madison Science Pub, sponsored by the Wisconsin Citizens for Science. Science Pub is to be a monthly event, on the last Sundays at Brocach pub on Capitol Square and has its own website.

    I think it's a tremendous opportunity with beer to hear about a different field of science every time. Brocach has a really great venue for the event, sort of an upstairs salon. It's informal, with beer and completely open for left-field questions. And did I mention the beer?

    The crowd posed some super-interesting questions to me. Naturally we hit all the hot issues -- hobbits, Neandertal DNA, hominid origins. We spent some time talking about personalities in paleoanthropology and the role of science journalists in describing scientific debates. This was a really interesting conversation, and I took a viewpoint that I think surprised some people. I may write up some thoughts and post them later on.

  • Busy....

    Thu, 2009-04-30 19:55 -- John Hawks

    I'm busier than usual today, preparing for a talk tomorrow. If you're free at noon and in the Social Science Building, it's titled:

    Natural selection and the population history of Gujarat, India

    I'm hardly an expert in South Asia, but I have some interesting results. Meanwhile, some very provocative things have crossed my desk this week. Thanks to several readers who have passed things along, and I'll be busily posting this weekend.

  • E-mail foibles

    Mon, 2009-02-16 22:16 -- John Hawks

    I've just finished cleaning up more than 1000 messages left in my 2008 e-mail inbox. I am always careful to say in my FAQ that I don't respond to every e-mail -- with some 400 students and 4 children, I have to let some things slide or I would never have time to post. Still, I try to reply to those who brave the internets to find me -- if only to thank them.

    So if you've e-mailed and didn't hear back, please accept my apologies and thanks. Except for the guy who wrote about Jesus and the Rosicrucians. No chance I was going to reply to that one.

  • Them hot legs again

    Tue, 2009-02-03 13:27 -- John Hawks

    Would you believe, I've started to get a fair amount of Google traffic for the search term, "hot legs"?

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  • Site maintenance

    Sun, 2009-01-11 12:35 -- John Hawks

    I'm doing site maintenance today, so things may look funny for a little bit, or be inaccessible for short periods.

    There -- you should notice the difference now...

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Neandertals

For years, I've worked on their bones. Now I'm working on their genes. Read more about the science studying these ancient people.

Denisova

From a finger bone of an ancient human came the record of a completely unexpected population. My lab is working on the science of the Denisova genome.

Acceleration

The advent of agriculture caused natural selection to speed up greatly in humans. We're uncovering some of the ways that populations have rapidly changed during the last 10,000 years.

Malapa

Just outside Johannesburg, the Malapa site is producing some of the most exciting finds in human evolution. This site is the headquarters of the Malapa Soft Tissue Project.